“Five” – Half a Ten
“Five”
> 5 is a factor of 10, which links to our decimal system (carry one to the next higher place whenever 10 is reached).
All multiples of 5 ends in digit 0 or 5.
> The square of any integer ending in 5 will also have 5 as the last digit (units place).
–> We can even go one step further: for the square of any integer ending in “5”, the last two digits of the results must be 25. For example: 25 × 25 = 625, and 45 × 45 = 2025.
> When a fraction m/n (both m,n are integers) is converted to a decimal, then:
If n = 5 => the decimal has only one digit after the decimal point
If m/n, after converting to decimals, has only one digit after the decimal point, then n = 2 or n = 5
> 5 is a prime number: 5 = 1 × 5
5 = 221 +1 (this type of numbers are called Fermat numbers)
The next Format number is 17 = 222 +1.
> [this item is a bit hard] The numbers in Fermat’s number sequence increases very rapidly: as
221 +1, 222 +1, 223 +1, 224 +1, … …
We calculate these numbers as:
5, 17, 257, 65537, ..
So the number increase very rapidly. Interesting enough, the first four prime numbers are all prime numbers, yet the fifth one (225 +1) is a composite number, with the smaller divisor being 641.
And once started, it keeps going this way: it has been known that from the fifth Fermat number to the thirty-second Fermat number (which is 2232 +1), all of them are composite numbers. It remains open whether there is any prime number in this sequence down the way.
There are lots of facts regarding prime 5: let’s be simple not to mention everything.
